Explanatory Notes


1. All descriptions, figures, tables, etc., except for diagrams whose source has been specifically mentioned, are the work of the National Institute of Science and Technology Policy.
2. Information sources for indicators listed below figures and tables in this report are defined as follows;
  Sources: Original source for indicator data or original provider of data. In this report, figures and tables have been prepared on the basis of data from these sources; the expressions "prepared from" or "compiled from" will be used when considerable processing of data has been carried out.
  Duplication: Figures duplicated from other publications.
3. Commentary on the text is marked by (1) within the text, and the commentary itself is given later in an appropriate spot.
4. References are given at the end of the chapter. References are marked by [1] within the text.
5. For yearly data, survey times and periods may differ by country or type of statistics. Distinctions between calendar and fiscal years are not necessarily made in the same manner as in the original source but rather expressed in a way appropriate for showing the characteristics of the date and for international comparisons.