Forwords This is the summary of "NISTEP REPORT No.17 -- Science, Technology, Society and Communication". The contents of the report show the results of studies which were discussed and researched by the study group of "Science, Technology, Society and Communication" conducted by 2nd policy-oriented research group, NISTEP. The member list of the group is attached with this report (Reference 1). Members of the study group had 11 meetings during two and half years and discussed communication problems on science and technology, e.g., "How to understand communication activities on science and technology ?", "What communication model can be established ?", "How to measure actual communication activities ? " or "How to define the public's understanding or acceptance on science and technology ? ", etc. We complied this report based on the two year and four month discussion of the Study Group of "Science, Technology, Society and Communication (the STSC Study Group)".